???? 據3月4日offshore energy消息：根據海事數據提供商Marine Benchmark的數據，由于疫情減少了2020年的航運活動，去年全球航運二氧化碳排放量下降了1%。
????“三巨頭”(油輪，散貨船和集裝箱)中的二氧化碳排放量實際上增加了1.2％，其中散貨船和油輪行業的增長抵消了集裝箱排放量2.4％的下降。
????然而，規模較小的行業扭轉了這一增長趨勢，游輪排放量收縮幅度最大，下降45%，而輪渡，滾裝船和車輛運輸船的急劇下降與需求疲軟相符。
????Marine Benchmark首席執行官Torbjorn Rydbergh指出:“疫情對航運產生了不同影響，油輪和散裝船總體表現良好，而其他行業則因消費者需求下降而面臨不利因素?！?/p>
????“雖然總體結果是去年碳排放減少，但這種影響可能是暫時的，因為當前全球經濟需求的復蘇表明2021年航運活動將更加強勁?！?/p>
????這家總部位于哥德堡的公司表示，船舶的二氧化碳排放量是根據消耗燃料的碳含量計算出來的。
????船用重質燃料油的碳含量約為86％，這意味著每消耗一噸燃料會產生3.15噸二氧化碳。
????由于柴油(瓦斯油)的碳含量略高，因此每消耗一噸燃料所產生的二氧化碳排放量也就更高。
????船舶的實際燃料消耗取決于多種因素，但主要取決于船體、發動機和螺旋槳的設計、船舶排水量、速度和污垢，以及水文和氣象條件。
????Marine Benchmark公司表示，其專有算法會根據這些因素估算主要和輔助引擎的船舶燃油消耗，并利用IMO注冊的所有10年以上船舶的每小時AIS數據。
????馮娟 摘譯自 offshore energy
????原文如下：
????Marine Benchmark: 2020 global shipping CO2 emissions down 1%
????Global shipping CO2 emissions decreased 1% last year as the Coronavirus pandemic curtailed 2020 shipping activity, according to maritime data provider Marine Benchmark.
????CO2 emissions among the ‘Big-3’ – tankers, bulkers, and containers – actually increased 1.2%, with a 2.4% decline in container emissions offset by growth in the bulker and tanker sectors.
????However, the smaller sectors reversed this growth, with cruise ship emissions experiencing the greatest contraction – down 45% – and with steep declines in ferries, roro’s and vehicles carriers consistent with the weak demand.
????“The Coronavirus pandemic has had a varied effect on shipping, with Tankers and Bulkers generally performing well, while other sectors faced headwinds as consumer demand plummeted,” Torbjorn Rydbergh, Marine Benchmark’s CEO, noted.
????“Whilst the overall result is a decrease in carbon emissions for last year, the effect may be temporary as the current recovery in global economic demand points to stronger 2021 shipping activity.”
????The Gothenburg-based company said that vessel CO2 emissions were calculated from the carbon content of the fuel consumed.
????Marine heavy fuel oil is approximately 86% carbon, which implies about 3.15 tonnes of CO2 per tonne of fuel consumed.
????Since the carbon content of diesel (gas oil) is slightly higher, so too are the CO2 emissions per tonne of fuel consumed.
????Actual vessel fuel consumption depends on a range of factors, but primarily the hull, engine and propeller design, vessel displacement, speed and fouling, as well as hydrological and meteorological conditions.
????Marine Benchmark said that its proprietary algorithms estimate vessel fuel consumption by main and auxiliary engines, based on these factors, utilising hourly AIS data for all IMO registered ships spanning over 10-years.
